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Immersion UT Scanning for HIC Samples

Precise detection, sizing, and quantification of HIC, SOHIC, and stepwise cracking in sour service steel test samples — providing the CLR, CTR, and CSR calculations required by NACE TM0284 and ASTM G146 with the volumetric coverage and sizing accuracy that contact UT cannot consistently deliver.

What Is Immersion UT Scanning for HIC?


Hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) in sour service steel initiates internally — invisible on the surface and inaccessible to surface NDT methods — growing as planar hydrogen blisters, step cracks, and stress-oriented HIC (SOHIC) that progressively reduce the effective load-bearing cross-section of the affected steel without external indication until the damage is advanced.


Immersion ultrasonic scanning for HIC assessment submerges the test sample in a water bath and scans it with a focused UT beam under computer control — delivering 100% volumetric coverage of the test section at controlled and documented sensitivity. Every laminar crack, blister, and step crack above the detection threshold is identified, sized, and position-reported. The resulting dataset provides the dimensional inputs required for CLR (Crack Length Ratio), CTR (Crack Thickness Ratio), and CSR (Crack Sensitivity Ratio) calculations per NACE TM0284 — the quantitative basis for material accept/reject disposition.


SOHIC detection — vertically linked blisters and step cracks that can penetrate significant proportions of wall thickness — requires scanning parameters specifically configured for vertical connectivity assessment, not just standard planar HIC detection. Our immersion scanning procedures address SOHIC detection explicitly.

Where We Apply HIC Immersion UT Scanning


        HIC qualification testing for new material procurement — sour service plate and pipe

        In-service HIC assessment on removed samples from sour service pressure vessels and piping

        Weld HAZ hydrogen damage assessment for SOHIC susceptibility evaluation

        Material requalification following exposure to excursion conditions beyond original HIC design limits

        HIC assessment as part of fitness-for-service evaluation per API 579

        Vendor and mill qualification inspection for sour service materials — upstream, midstream, and refining

Applicable Codes and Standards


        NACE TM0284 — Evaluation of Pipeline and Pressure Vessel Steels for Resistance to Hydrogen-Induced Cracking — primary standard governing HIC test methodology and CLR/CTR/CSR acceptance

        ASTM G146 — Standard Practice for Evaluation of Disbonding of Bimetallic Stainless Alloy/Steel Plate

        ISO 17025 — Laboratory accreditation requirements — applicable to all scanning and measurement operations

        API 579 / ASME FFS-1 — Fitness-for-service assessment including HIC damage morphology evaluation

        NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 — Materials for use in H2S-containing environments — sour service material qualification context